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Clean Hydrogen Partnership

Hydrogen fire in a alcohols production plant

Event

Event ID
905
Quality
Description

The fire occurred after a hydrogen released from a venting valve opened for inspection. The hydrogen was at 300 bar and 300C centigrade and between 200 and 300 bar. The hydrogen ignited probably spontaneously and killed 4 workers and injured additional 3.
A similar accident seems to have taken place in the same installation 5 years before. A safety study of the facility has been requested before the start-up of the plant

Event Initiating system
Classification of the physical effects
Hydrogen Release and Ignition
Nature of the consequences
fire
Macro-region
Europe
Country
France
Date
Component involved
valve (vent)
Failure mode
rupture & ignition
Initiating cause
wrong operation
Root CAUSE analysis

The INITIATING cause was the manual opening of a valve which released hydrogen

The root causes have not been identified even if a general test of the equipment involved in the fire and/or suspected to have caused the accident was carried out.

Root causes
Date entry in HIAD
01/01/2018

Facility

Application
Chemical industry
Sub-application
alcohols production
Hydrogen supply chain stage
All components affected

venting flange reactor(?)

Process temperature range [C]
High temperature (100°C to 500°C)
Process pressure range [MPa]
medium to high pressure (10 to 50 MPa)
Location type
Unknown
Location
industrial area
Operational condition
Description of the facility/unit/process/substances

DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCESS
The hydrogenation unit was part of an organic chemical industry for the production of raw hydrogenated alcohols from vegetable and animal raw materials.

Emergency & Consequences

Number of fatalities
4
Number of injured persons
3
Currency
Euro
Property loss (onsite)
2.500.000
Post-event summary

4 causalities, 3 injured workers, 2.5 MEuro damage.

Emergency action

The isolation valves were shut-off and the Internal Emergency Plan was activated.
No emergency measures were required, neither on-site nor off-site.

Lesson Learnt

Lesson Learnt

An investigation was performed, which however it is not (anymore) publicly available.
Logic recommendations would be to improve the venting system to avoid mass release and fire, and to conduct a detailed analysis of previous similar event which seems to have taken place in the same installation 5 years previously (in 1984).

In-depth data

Release type
gas
Involved substances (% vol)
H2 100%
Release pressure [MPa]
30
Probable IGNITION SOURCE
Flame type

References

Sources categories
eMARS
Reference & weblink

Event description in European database eMARS
https://emars.jrc.ec.europa.eu/en/eMARS/accident/view/16d71de8-dd2d-843…
(accessed September 2020)

Event description in French database ARIA
https://www.aria.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/accident/170/
(accessed September 2020)