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Clean Hydrogen Partnership

Release and fire from a hydrogen pipeline

Event

Event ID
1057
Quality
Description

Release from a welding of a hydrogen transmission pipeline. 

  • At 12:45 pm the operation control centre (OCC) recognised that a customer flow and pressure dropped significantly. 
  • At 13:28 the OCC made the decision to close the upstream remote operated valve. 
  • At 15:00 the pipeline technician arrived on site and confirmed the breach in the pipeline. 

Additional pipeline operations technicians were deployed to isolate the two manual block valves, upstream and downstream of the incident site. 

Event Initiating system
Classification of the physical effects
Hydrogen Release and Ignition
Nature of the consequences
fire
Macro-region
North America
Country
United States
Date
Component involved
pipeline (weld)
Failure mode
rupture
Initiating cause
H2-driven material degradation
Root CAUSE analysis

The initial cause was the complete failure of a pipe girth weld, probably at the heat-affected zone, by hydrogen induced cracking.
The ROOT CAUSE was not provided. 

Root causes
Date entry in HIAD
01/07/2024

Facility

Application
Hydrogen transport and distribution
Sub-application
H2 delivery to customers
Hydrogen supply chain stage
All components affected

H2 pipeline

Process temperature range [C]
ambient temperature (-50°C to +50°C)
Process pressure range [MPa]
medium pressure (2 to 10 MPa)
Location type
Underground
Location
countryside or desert
Operational condition
Description of the facility/unit/process/substances

DESCRIPTION OF THE FACILITY The pipeline had been installed in 1992. it was made of carbon steel, with a Max operative pressure of 375 psig. At the moment of the incident the pressure was 374 psig. Gas flow was 7284 mcf

Emergency & Consequences

Number of fatalities
0
Number of injured persons
0
Currency
US$
Property loss (onsite)
500.948
Post-event summary

No consequence to environment or persons. Only costs related to materials damage and emergency intervention.

136 thousand standard cubic feet went lost during the leak (unintentional release)

Emergency action

Local and federal first responders intervened (unknown their actions). 

In-depth data

Release type
gas
Involved substances (% vol)
H2 100%
Released amount (kg)
322
Release temperature [°C]
25
Release pressure [MPa]
2.3
Probable IGNITION SOURCE

References

Sources categories
PHMSA
Reference & weblink

US Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration PHMSA: https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/safety-reports/pipeline-failure-investigation-reports