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Clean Hydrogen Partnership

Hydrogen release from a KH2 tanker

Event

Event ID
956
Quality
Description

A tanker was carrying 25 m3 of liquid hydrogen and was parked in the parking lot of a road restaurant. The hydrogen escaped through the safety devices of the tank and then dispersed (the weather was wet and there was fog).
Technicians from the charter company degassed the tank until the leak stopped, then escorted the truck to a technical centre.
A crack in the inner tank causing a pressure build-up could be the cause of the accident.

Event Initiating system
Classification of the physical effects
Unignited Hydrogen Release
Nature of the consequences
leak no ignition
Macro-region
Europe
Country
France
Date
Component involved
PRD (burst disc)
Failure mode
rupture, no ignition
Initiating cause
over-pressurisation (thermal insulation degradation)
Root CAUSE analysis

According to the ARIA report, the INITIATING CAUSE was a crack in the inner tank.
The crack probably caused liquid hydrogen leaking into the annular vacuum space, evaporating and reducing the thermal insulation capacity of the vacuum shell. The increased heat flow caused a pressure build-up and triggered the over-pressure safeguard.

Root causes
Unknown
Date entry in HIAD
01/01/2018

Facility

Application
Hydrogen transport and distribution
Sub-application
LH2 tanker
Hydrogen supply chain stage
All components affected

vacuum thermal insulation

Process temperature range [C]
cryogenic temperature (below -50°C)
Process pressure range [MPa]
low to medium pressure (below 2 MPa)
Location type
Open
Location
highway or similar
Operational condition

Emergency & Consequences

Number of fatalities
0
Number of injured persons
0
Property loss (onsite)
25.500
Post-event summary

No consequence except the release to the atmosphere of more than 1700 kg of hydrogen (Assuming a cost of 15 US$, it could be possible tto estimate the property loss).

Emergency action

The event happened at 23:30. Rescue services interrupted road traffic, established a safety perimeter 400 m on either side of the truck, installed 2 protective hoses and evacuated 78 people to a gymnasium.

Technicians from the charter company operated to degas the tank until the leak stopped, then escorted the truck to a technical centre. At about 07:00, the emergency services carried out explosimetry measurements in the neighbouring buildings and allowed the residents to return to their homes.

In-depth data

Release type
gas
Involved substances (% vol)
H2 100%
Released amount (kg)
1770
Release pressure [MPa]
1
Probable IGNITION SOURCE

References

Sources categories
ARIA
Reference & weblink

Event description in the French database ARIA
https://www.aria.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/accident/34348/
(accessed October 2020)

Le Parisien news of 16 mars 2008
https://www.leparisien.fr/l-hydrog-ne-s-chappait-du-camion-77-personnes…
(accessed December 2024)