Event
- Event ID
- 530
- Quality
- Description
An explosion and fire occurred at a chemical plant applying silicone coatings. The blast occurred when some polymethyl hydrogen siloxane was accidentally fed into a reactor, together with the correct feedstock, allyl glycidyl ether.
The two epoxides reacted, overheated and hydrogen burst out of a ruptured pipe into the building, where it mixed with air and exploded.The 5 workers were caught in the resulting fire. According to the company, the police believed that human error was to blame. Although both chemicals were labelled, they were stored in drums of the same colour.
- Event Initiating system
- Classification of the physical effects
- Hydrogen Release and Ignition
- Nature of the consequences
- Macro-region
- Europe
- Country
- Germany
- Date
- Component involved
- reactor / oven / furnace / test chamber
- Failure mode
- internal explosion
- Initiating cause
- run-away reaction
- Root CAUSE analysis
INITIATING cause is the erroneous mixing of a wrong substance (polymethyl hydrogen siloxane) with the correct one (allyl glycidyl ether) in a reactor, causing overheating and hydrogen production.
The accidental event occurred in two step: first the rupture of the reactor due to (probably) to over pressurisation from the runaway reaction, secondly the release, mixing, ignition and explosion of hydrogen in the building.
This could occur because of inadequate chemicals identification so that chemicals were added incorrectly. The ROOT CAUSE could be assigned to shortcoming in procedure and in management failure in identifying worst case scenarios.- Root causes
- Date entry in HIAD
- 01/01/2020
Facility
- Application
- Chemical industry
- Sub-application
- paints production
- Hydrogen supply chain stage
- Location type
- Confined
- Location
- populated area
- Operational condition
- Description of the facility/unit/process/substances
DESCRIPTION OF THE CHEMICALS INVOLVED
Allyl glycidyl ether is an organic compound used in adhesives and sealants and as a monomer for polymerization reactions. It is formally the condensation product of allyl alcohol and glycidol via an ether linkage. Because it contains both an alkene and an epoxide group, either group can be reacted selectively to yield a product where the other functional group remains intact for future reactions.
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allyl_glycidyl_ether#:~:text=Allyl%20glycidyl%20ether%20is%20an,remains%20intact%20for%20future%20reactions.]Polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) is a sylicon-based polymer characterised by its Si-H bonds. its general structure is [−CH3(H)Si−O−]. It is used in organic chemistry as a mild and stable reducing agent easily transferring hydrides to metal centers and a number of other reducible functional groups.
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymethylhydrosiloxane]
Emergency & Consequences
- Number of fatalities
- 1
- Number of injured persons
- 5
- Property loss (onsite)
- 6.700.000
- Post-event summary
Explosion, rupture, damage to equipment and fatality.
Reactors and reaction equipment, pipe and drums. Damage estimated DM 10M $6.7M (1995).
In-depth data
- Release type
- gas
- Involved substances (% vol)
- H2 100%
- Probable IGNITION SOURCE
- Explosion type
References
- Sources categories
- ARIA
- Reference & weblink
ARIA event 7840
https://www.aria.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/accident/7840/
(accesssed December 2025)ICHEME/MHIDAS event 8527
The ICHEME database is no longer available, but data can be download as PDF for free.
https://www.icheme.org/knowledge-networks/knowledge-resources/safety-ce…
(accessed October 2025)TAZ news of 17/02/1995
https://taz.de/Explosion-in-Essen/!1520170/
(Accessed December 2025)