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Clean Hydrogen Partnership

Fire at a generator of a power plant

Event

Event ID
232
Quality
Description

The vent occurred at a power generation plant. One of its turbines was stopped for minor repairs and adjustment. The generator’s excitation breaker and air-operated disconnect breakers were opened. When the turbine generator had nearly completed its shut down, one of the disconnect breakers closed spuriously and reconnected the generator to the grid again. The turbine generator accelerated to rated speed within 25 - 30 seconds. As a result, the generator rotor got into unbalance and its bearings were destroyed.
Cooling hydrogen, sealing oil and lubricating oil caught fire. All feed water and emergency feed water pumps were lost. An alternative make-up water supply and reduction of primary circuit pressure prevented serious consequences.

Event Initiating system
Classification of the physical effects
Hydrogen Release and Ignition
Nature of the consequences
fire
Macro-region
Europe
Country
Ukraine
Date
Component involved
H2 coolant system
Failure mode
rupture & ignition
Initiating cause
conventional component failure (turbine-generator)
Root CAUSE analysis

INITIATING CAUSES
The failure of the turbine was caused by its unplanned, accidental restart, due to the malfunctioning of a circuit breaker.

ROOT CAUSE(S)
Although the source does not report the root causes, from the extension of the fire and its consequence for the overall plant it can be plausibly assumed the same root causes as in the event HIAD ID = 042. The fire could spread up and cause such damage due to lack of measures against fire propagation and escalation.

Root causes
Date entry in HIAD
28/07/2024

Facility

Application
Power plant
Sub-application
nuclear power plant
Hydrogen supply chain stage
All components affected

excitation breaker,
turbine-generator unit
turbine hall

Process temperature range [C]
Above ambient temperature (50°C to 100°C)
Process pressure range [MPa]
low to medium pressure (below 2 MPa)
Location type
Confined
Location
industrial area
Operational condition
Description of the facility/unit/process/substances

DESCRIPTION OF THE FACILITY
The reactor technology was a graphite moderated pressure tube type reactor, boiling light water reactor. It fed steam directly into the turbines, without an heat-exchanger and a secondary cooling system.

Emergency & Consequences

Number of fatalities
0
Number of injured persons
0
Post-event summary

It is unknown if radioactivity was released in the environment

Emergency action

Since all feed water and emergency feed water pumps were lost, the reactor could not be properly cooled. An alternative make-up water supply and reduction of primary circuit pressure were used to prevented serious consequences.

Lesson Learnt

Lesson Learnt

, see HIAD ID = 042.

Corrective Measures

It is unknown if were adopted. For a general

In-depth data

Release type
Gas-liquid mixture
Involved substances (% vol)
H2,
oil
Release temperature [°C]
25
Release pressure [MPa]
0.4
Probable IGNITION SOURCE

References

Sources categories
NRC
Reference & weblink

This event is listed in From T. VIROLAINEN, J. MARTTILA, H. AULAMO, "TURRBINE GENERATORS AT VVER-440 NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS”, in "Upgrading of fire safety in nuclear power plants", IAEA-TECDOC-1014, Proceedings of an International Symposium, Vienna (Austria), 18-21 November 1997
https://www.iaea.org/publications/5310/upgrading-of-fire-safety-in-nucl…
(accessed July 2024)

NRC INFORMATION NOTICE 93-71: FIRE AT CHERNOBYL UNIT 2
https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML0310/ML031070103.pdf
(accessed May 2026)