Event
- Event ID
- 47
- Quality
- Description
During a turbine testing at 100 percent power, a problem developed in the auto-stop trip system, which led to a turbine and reactor trip.
The turbine stop valves closed as expected, but after closure they re-opened due to the fact that some solenoid-operated valves of the turbine protection system failed to open. Steam flow to the turbine led to an over-speed of about 160 percent of rated speed. The low-pressure turbine blades broke and penetrated the turbine shroud.
A hydrogen explosion and fires and turbine lubricating oil fires resulted. The damage in turbine generator systems was extensive, for instance the turbine, the generator and the main condenser were damaged.- Event Initiating system
- Classification of the physical effects
- Hydrogen Release and Ignition
- Nature of the consequences
- Macro-region
- North America
- Country
- United States
- Date
- Component involved
- H2 coolant system
- Failure mode
- rupture & ignition
- Initiating cause
- conventional component failure (turbine-generator)
- Root CAUSE analysis
INITIATING CAUSES
The failure of the turbine was caused by its accidental re-start despite the fact that a reactor shut down was ongoing.
ROOT CAUSE
The fact that a series of malfunctioning led to the restart of the turbine indicates the safety systems were not properly designed, or at least not well integrated in an overall risk assessment considering also the emergency procedures.- Root causes
- Date entry in HIAD
- 28/07/2024
Facility
- Application
- Power plant
- Sub-application
- Nuclear power plant
- Hydrogen supply chain stage
- Unknown
- All components affected
turbine, collant system, cables, control room
- Process temperature range [C]
- Above ambient temperature (50°C to 100°C)
- Process pressure range [MPa]
- low to medium pressure (below 2 MPa)
- Location type
- Confined
- Location
- industrial area
- Operational condition
- Pre-event occurrences
The release of hydrogen was preceded by the failure of the turbine.
- Description of the facility/unit/process/substances
DESCRIPTION OF THE FACILITY
The nuclear power plant was a pressurised water reactor, consisting of two units of approximately 1160 MW each.
Emergency & Consequences
- Number of fatalities
- 0
- Number of injured persons
- 0
- Post-event summary
A hydrogen explosion and fires and turbine lubricating oil fires resulted. The damage in turbine generator systems was extensive, for instance the turbine, the generator and the main condenser were damaged. Being the reactor shutdown, it is assumed that no radiation was lost to the environment.
Lesson Learnt
- Lesson Learnt
For a generic , see HIAD ID = 042
In-depth data
- Release type
- Gas-liquid mixture
- Involved substances (% vol)
- H2,
lubricant oil - Release temperature [°C]
- 25
- Release pressure [MPa]
- 0.4
- Probable IGNITION SOURCE
- Explosion type
References
- Sources categories
- Scientific article
- Reference & weblink
This event is listed in From T. VIROLAINEN, J. MARTTILA, H. AULAMO, "TURRBINE GENERATORS AT VVER-440 NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS”, in "Upgrading of fire safety in nuclear power plants", IAEA-TECDOC-1014, Proceedings of an International Symposium, Vienna (Austria), 18-21 November 1997
https://www.iaea.org/publications/5310/upgrading-of-fire-safety-in-nucl…
(accessed July 2024)